Wonder: Great Wall of China
Country: China
Region: Beijing
Visitable: Yes
About: One of the most famous structures of the world and unique human structure that can be seen from the space.
Great Wall of China is a range of fortifications made of stone and clay in China, built, rebuilt and maintained between the 5th century BC and 16 century to protect the northern borders of the Chinese empire under the rule of successive dynasties.
Steps that make up the Great Wall of China are very steep and high in some areas. Tourists often become exhausted climbing the wall and walk no more than a kilometer or two (a mile). In some areas the blocks were cemented with a mixture of sticky rice and egg white. In the extreme western desert locations, where good materials are scarce, the wall was built of earth rammed between rough wood tied together with woven mats.
The wall is included in the list of "seven wonders of the medieval world, but it was probably one of the classic Seven Wonders of the Ancient World Greeks.It is recognized by the world's longest human structure, which extends about 6400 km from Shanhaiguan east of Lop Nur in the west, along the arc which outlines around the southern edge of Inner Mongolia, but stretches over 6700 km in total. A 'not' big structures ever built in terms of space and matter.
Three points are common in Beijing, which has been renovated and is regularly visited modern tourists. One of the most impressive of the Ming Great Wall is a place where he climbs a very steep slopes. It runs 11 kilometers in length, 5 to 8 m high and 6 meters at the bottom, narrowing up to 5 meters. Wangjinglou is one of 67 Jinshanling guard towers, 980 meters above sea level.
South-east of the Jinshanling, Mutianyu Great Wall is that winds along the steep mountains from south to north-east-west approximately 2.25 km. E 'connected Juyongguan Pass to the west and east Gubeikou. Another important point is located at the east end of the wall, where the first pass of the Great Wall built in Shanhaiguan, the first mountain the Great Wall rises. Jia Shan is also here, is how Jiumenkou, which is only part of the wall that was built as a bridge.
HISTORY
Construction of the Great Wall of China began in the 7th century BC, the Zhou Dynasty. This wall was built many hundreds of years. The first version of the wall was built to withstand the invaders away from the village who cultivate land on the Chinese border. These walls were built to deficiencies in natural landscape, or where he was seen as a major threat.
Some of these walls was the most strategically important, when the defense localized form gradually joined the Great Wall of China. At that time, the Chinese territory extended to the north, earlier defended the central wall, the wall was built further north. Great Wall was built soldiers, civilians, peasants and prisoners, especially during the three dynasties: Qin, Han and Ming, although Sui Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period played a role. Architectural styles of each dynasty added their personal tastes and advanced techniques learned from the previous year.
China's first dynasty was short-lived Qin Dynasty. The first emperor, Qin Shi Huang, the despotic emperor who unified China by force and began to build the Great Wall to enter. Also sent scientists to work on the Great Wall, which was considered unproductive. These workers are exposed to hard work and constant threat of being attacked by bandits.
Most of the first Great Wall of China was composed of weak rock, but when the natural stone in the area were not enough, the engineers were turning in another way, he had to be used in a rectangular frame, which was filled with loose soil. The soil was trodden group of workers for several hours until firm. This process of landfills and chose to be repeated again and again until the walls reached the desired height.
Dynasty seconds to add to the Great Wall was the Han Dynasty. The most important benefit is that of the Han Dynasty Great Wall extended west across the Gobi desert. Despite the lack of building materials, Chinese engineers have found ingenious solutions. This method, which involved the first layer of wicker, perhaps tissue. Then a layer of gravel and a little 'water were charged and trampled firm. After trampling, was added a new layer of reeds and gravel. This process can be repeated until the desired height was achieved. Wonder that some parts of the Great Wall still stands, partly due to droughts in the Gobi.
The last dynasty to build the northern wall of the Ming Dynasty (1368-1644). This dynasty built the biggest, longest, strongest and decorated Great Wall of China at all. These are walls that we know today. Their method of construction of the Great Wall of melted everything he had learned from two previous dynasties. Firstly, the center of trampled earth was created. Then, around the center of the object shell of stone and brick. Bricks, which were created Ming, are so strong that it compares well with those we use today. Ming wall was built strong through some of the most dangerous terrain in China, between steep mountains, sometimes to 75 degree slopes. It 'was said that every step of the construction costs of Great Wall of China a human life.
Ming Dynasty Great Wall starts at the eastern end of the Shanhai Pass, near Qinhuangdao, in Hebei Province, near the Bohai Sea. After the 9 provinces and 100 counties, but the final 500 km Great Wall in the west, but all have turned to rubble. Ming along the Great Wall of China there are many towers, which are located less than a kilometer to a kilometer away. These were partly used to transmit military messages. Fire and smoke were the most effective means of communication, the fire was used during the night and smoke during the day. Straw and manure were used for this. In 1468, a number of rules to specific interest to these signals: one hit and one fire or smoke signal implied about 100 enemies, two warning signals 500, three warnings over 1000, and so on. In this way, messages can be transmitted through more than 500 km from the Great Wall a few hours.
Steps that make up the Great Wall of China are very steep and high in some areas. Tourists often become exhausted climbing the wall and walk no more than a kilometer or two (a mile). In some areas the blocks were cemented with a mixture of sticky rice and egg white. In the extreme western desert locations, where good materials are scarce, the wall was built of earth rammed between rough wood tied together with woven mats.
The wall is included in the list of "seven wonders of the medieval world, but it was probably one of the classic Seven Wonders of the Ancient World Greeks.It is recognized by the world's longest human structure, which extends about 6400 km from Shanhaiguan east of Lop Nur in the west, along the arc which outlines around the southern edge of Inner Mongolia, but stretches over 6700 km in total. A 'not' big structures ever built in terms of space and matter.
Three points are common in Beijing, which has been renovated and is regularly visited modern tourists. One of the most impressive of the Ming Great Wall is a place where he climbs a very steep slopes. It runs 11 kilometers in length, 5 to 8 m high and 6 meters at the bottom, narrowing up to 5 meters. Wangjinglou is one of 67 Jinshanling guard towers, 980 meters above sea level.
South-east of the Jinshanling, Mutianyu Great Wall is that winds along the steep mountains from south to north-east-west approximately 2.25 km. E 'connected Juyongguan Pass to the west and east Gubeikou. Another important point is located at the east end of the wall, where the first pass of the Great Wall built in Shanhaiguan, the first mountain the Great Wall rises. Jia Shan is also here, is how Jiumenkou, which is only part of the wall that was built as a bridge.
HISTORY
Construction of the Great Wall of China began in the 7th century BC, the Zhou Dynasty. This wall was built many hundreds of years. The first version of the wall was built to withstand the invaders away from the village who cultivate land on the Chinese border. These walls were built to deficiencies in natural landscape, or where he was seen as a major threat.
Some of these walls was the most strategically important, when the defense localized form gradually joined the Great Wall of China. At that time, the Chinese territory extended to the north, earlier defended the central wall, the wall was built further north. Great Wall was built soldiers, civilians, peasants and prisoners, especially during the three dynasties: Qin, Han and Ming, although Sui Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period played a role. Architectural styles of each dynasty added their personal tastes and advanced techniques learned from the previous year.
China's first dynasty was short-lived Qin Dynasty. The first emperor, Qin Shi Huang, the despotic emperor who unified China by force and began to build the Great Wall to enter. Also sent scientists to work on the Great Wall, which was considered unproductive. These workers are exposed to hard work and constant threat of being attacked by bandits.
Most of the first Great Wall of China was composed of weak rock, but when the natural stone in the area were not enough, the engineers were turning in another way, he had to be used in a rectangular frame, which was filled with loose soil. The soil was trodden group of workers for several hours until firm. This process of landfills and chose to be repeated again and again until the walls reached the desired height.
Dynasty seconds to add to the Great Wall was the Han Dynasty. The most important benefit is that of the Han Dynasty Great Wall extended west across the Gobi desert. Despite the lack of building materials, Chinese engineers have found ingenious solutions. This method, which involved the first layer of wicker, perhaps tissue. Then a layer of gravel and a little 'water were charged and trampled firm. After trampling, was added a new layer of reeds and gravel. This process can be repeated until the desired height was achieved. Wonder that some parts of the Great Wall still stands, partly due to droughts in the Gobi.
The last dynasty to build the northern wall of the Ming Dynasty (1368-1644). This dynasty built the biggest, longest, strongest and decorated Great Wall of China at all. These are walls that we know today. Their method of construction of the Great Wall of melted everything he had learned from two previous dynasties. Firstly, the center of trampled earth was created. Then, around the center of the object shell of stone and brick. Bricks, which were created Ming, are so strong that it compares well with those we use today. Ming wall was built strong through some of the most dangerous terrain in China, between steep mountains, sometimes to 75 degree slopes. It 'was said that every step of the construction costs of Great Wall of China a human life.
Ming Dynasty Great Wall starts at the eastern end of the Shanhai Pass, near Qinhuangdao, in Hebei Province, near the Bohai Sea. After the 9 provinces and 100 counties, but the final 500 km Great Wall in the west, but all have turned to rubble. Ming along the Great Wall of China there are many towers, which are located less than a kilometer to a kilometer away. These were partly used to transmit military messages. Fire and smoke were the most effective means of communication, the fire was used during the night and smoke during the day. Straw and manure were used for this. In 1468, a number of rules to specific interest to these signals: one hit and one fire or smoke signal implied about 100 enemies, two warning signals 500, three warnings over 1000, and so on. In this way, messages can be transmitted through more than 500 km from the Great Wall a few hours.
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