Thursday, August 5, 2010

Remortgage

Remortgage is a process of paying off one mortgage with the proceeds from a new mortgage using the same property as security. In other words it is the replacement of an existing mortgage with a new one. Sometimes it makes sense to move your mortgage rather than move house. Remortgage can realize the equity build up in a property and use it to finance further investment.

Applying for a remortgage is much the same as applying for the initial home loan.

Before you start to look for a better deal it is important that you already have a good idea of what property is worth. Most of the lenders provide on-line mortgage calculators that will enable you to enter a few details, so they can give you an up-to-date quotation for the sort of mortgage they might be prepared to give you on the basis of your earnings and their current rates. Many lending institutions have remortgage packages incentives by waiving valuation and arrangement fees.



Nowadays, many of them have departments specially set up to deal with current customers who are thinking of transferring to another lender, so that they can offer these customers special deals on a case-by-case basis. The benefit of staying with your current lender is that you hardly have to do anything, as you need to draw up a new contract and sign it.



With many thousands of mortgage options available, you can always take help from independent financial adviser (IFA). They help you in choosing best mortgage options available. There are websites that offer online analysis of brokers and even if their information is not up to the mark, they sure help you sort out a few things for starters. Always make sure that the mortgage broker has valid brokerage licenses.



Benefits of Remortgage



It can help you to make use of your home equity and get better deals at cheaper rates.
You can take full advantage of the current trends especially when the markets are booming and interest fall off to all time lows.
You can always go for a flexible and better plan through remortgaging, incase you are dissatisfied with your present lender.
By going for a lower interest rate you can save up on the money you are presently paying to your mortgage lender.
You can replace credit card bills, personal loans and other loans with one lower interest rate mortgage and spread lower payments over a longer period.
A remortgage allows you to consolidate existing loans to one manageable monthly payment or raise money to buy a new car or home improvements.

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Find Car Finance Company For Auto Loans With No Cosigner.

If you happen to currently have a low credit score and have spent much time on the Internet searching for a real car finance company that can truly help you, you may have grown weary. It’s difficult to find help for auto loans with no cosigner when you have bad credit, but there are a couple good places that you can use to get yourself approved easily, at affordable rates. Finding them can be a bit of a pain though.
One thing to look for is a car finance company that is a member of an online reliability program of some sort. There are thousands of websites that promote guaranteed approval auto loans, but using a legitimate company is a must. Being a member of online programs means that a company has a long history of good customer service with minimal complaints. Any complaint that the company has had must have been resolved satisfactorily in order to qualify for this any type of endorsement of this nature.
Make sure that the site that you’re applying with is secure. The last thing that you need is to have your personal information compromised in some way, especially if you plan on going with a person to person used car loan. However, with a little searching, you can get a great rate and even qualify for more special car loans than you may expect, if you use a good source for your bad credit auto loan. Buy here, pay here car lots that offer in-house financing are not the answer unless you are currently in a bankruptcy. You can get much more than you may be expecting, if you simply do a little research and use a good guaranteed approval auto loan source.

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Home Equity Loans

Home Equity Loans

A Home Equity Loan allows a homeowner to borrow money by leveraging their equity, or the amount of money they have invested into owning their home. It can either be a fixed rate mortgage or an adjustable rate mortgage which can be acquired as a lump sum or used a revolving line of credit. In other words a home equity loan (or line of credit) is a second mortgage that lets you turn equity into cash, allowing you to spend it on home improvements, debt consolidation, medical expenses or other expenses.

There are two kinds of equity debt: home equity loans and home equity lines of credit. Home equity loans are provided in lump sum, and they are paid off in equal monthly installments over a set of period. Home equity lines of credit have revolving balances and work like a credit card.

You may be putting your most valuable asset at risk, if you agree to a loan that is based on equity you have in your home. Those with low incomes or poor credit should be careful when borrowing money based on their home equity.

Equity is the difference between how much the home is worth and how much you owe on the mortgage.

Usage of Equity loans and Credit lines

Making repairs to a house can make the home safer and more comfortable. Make sure you apply for the loan before putting the home on the market, if you want to spend equity money to prepare the house for the sale.
Credit card interest rates often are more than 10 percentage points, higher than rates on home equity loans and credit lines. It is best to use cash instead of carrying cards.
Low interest rates also make equity loans an option when financing a car or some high-price purchased.

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Refinancing

Refinancing is the process of obtaining a new loan to replace an existing loan or lease balance. The most common consumer refinancing is for a home mortgage. Refinancing can be worthwhile, but it does not make a good financial sense for everyone. It becomes worth if the current interest rate on your mortgage is at least 2 percentage points higher than the prevailing market rate. When you refinance you can adjust the terms of your loan including monthly payment amounts and the length of the loan. It may be a financially better decision to pay a bit more in interest rather than pay points for a loan with lower interest rate, but his type of situation is particularly available if your credit rating is excellent.

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Get Quick Cash Loan

Is it a money crisis and you feel a little short of money? Is there an emergency and you don’t have enough money? 24 hour cash loans can help you come out of these kinds of troubles. You can easily avail these loans in few hours time. All you are required to do is to apply for the loan through the internet that would take only a few minutes and the loan process will start immediately.

The best thing about 24 hour cash loans is that you get the money in less than 24 hours time. The loan is approved without any hassle in less than a day’s time and the money is also deposited in your account. You can get the loan amount to meet all your demands and can fix all the troubles in just few hours.

These loans are free from any kind of paper work as you don’t have to submit any papers for the loan and these loans are also free from all the faxing requirements for the loan. So it makes the loan very easy and convenient. You can solve all your financial worries for a short time period.

These loans are short term loans which are supposed to be repaid in a two weeks time and the money you can get is also limited. These loans can get you an amount ranging from 100 to 1500 pounds and this is issued on the bases of your next payday. The lenders are always interested in knowing your income as this is the bases on which the loan is issued.

You can easily find a number of lenders online. It is always wiser to make a comparison between different lenders so that the best deal can be availed. You can get their quotes online and can compare their terms and conditions.

Marsh Jone is a superb writer on the loan related articles.

He has been helping the people of the country in solving their problems. He knows how to deal with their problems well.

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Saturday, March 27, 2010

Chennai (Madras)

Chennai, also known as Madras, the capital of Tamil Nadu, is a city in the country's fourth largest. Compared with other major cities in India, is much less congested and polluted. Chennai was the site of the first establishment of the East India Company. It was founded in 1639 on land given by the Raja of Chandragiri, the last representative of the Vijayanagar rulers of Hampi.

At the organizational level, the city has a reasonably efficient public services, buses and commuter trains run smoothly. Many of the industrial expansion took place in Chennai recently, with facilities of fungi, self-assembly plants, educational institutions and units of textile production. Although none of the main attractions, as such, has the second largest beach in the world, Marina Beach. Although a popular tourist attraction, the beach is not really a favorite with swimmers as the sea is known for hosting a large population of sharks.

Chennai is a vibrant city, he could find a good balance between modern and traditional, a metropolis with its own charm -. Click here to learn more about local festivals celebrated in the city of Chennai.
Sightseeing

Built in 1640 AD, Fort St. George once served as the first bastion of the East India Company. Now it houses the Secretariat and the Legislative Assembly. In 46 meters - Flagstaff High, which adorns the front of the structure is actually a mast salvaged from a 17 sinking of the century. Fort museum has a remarkable collection of memorabilia from the days of Raj. The complex of the Fort, is the oldest Anglican Church in India, Church of St Mary's, built in 1678-1680. It is also the oldest building in Britain.

Another ancient symbol of the city is the port of Madras, one of the best in India, and entirely artificial, for nearly a century. Mylapore in the south, is the site of the famous Kapaleeswarar Temple, which is dedicated to the god Shiva. It has a typical Dravidian Gopuram. Near the temple, the Cathedral of St. Thomas, said to contain the remains of St. Thomas the Apostle (Doubting Thomas). Located at Triplicane High Road is Parathasarathy temple dedicated to Lord Krishna. Built in the 8th century, during the reign of Pallavi, was later renovated by the Vijayanagar kings in the 16th century.

Government Museum and Art Gallery on Pantheon Road, near Egmore station, has an interesting archaeological section and a gallery of bronze. Archaeological Department has an excellent collection of elements from all the important periods of southern India, including Chola, Vijayanagar, Hoysala and Chalukya periods. Bronze Gallery has some impressive examples of Chola bronze art. Theosophical Society and Kalakshetra in banks Adaya, an internationally renowned institution for Indian classical dance and music, Thiruvanmiyoor, are excellent examples of the cultural heritage of Tamil Nadu.

The Deer National Park is the only place in the world, under a number of endangered species of Indian antelope (black ball). Deer Park, along with Madras Snake Park, which is supported by the World Wildlife Fund, are located inside the Raj Bhavan in Guindy.

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Mahabalipuram

Mahabalipuram is situated on the Coromandel Coast facing the Bay of Bengal and is recognized throughout the country for its beautiful old monolithic structures. This magical city is situated in the southern Indian state of Tamil Nadu and is home to numerous caves and temples of the rock cut. Mahabalipuram is also known for its rich culture and heritage, which attracts many tourists from various parts of India. A trip to Mahabalipuram you some of the best monuments and temples mostly monolithic, besides the beautiful beaches of the city.

City retains its historic charm intact and this place has many great poets, dramatists, artists, craftsmen and saints during the reign of Pallava. Mahabalipuram temple, hotels in MahabalipuramThe Pallava highly creative activities and ongoing sponsorship support for construction and other creative activities. Therefore, the main attractions of Mahabalipuram, some studies several major themes of the famous Indian legend. Mahabalipuram is also known as mammalapuram and was mainly a port city in southern India, in ancient times.

There are many things to look at Mahabalipuram and the most famous among them are spectacular works of sculpture. Attention architectural wonders of the city, adding the importance and gives a unique place among the rest of the tourist destinations of Tamil Nadu. You come in many beautiful structures here Thirukadalmallai some, Arjuna Penance, Varsha Cave Temple, Shore Temple and Rathas Pancha (Five Chariots). There are many interesting destinations around the city and can be examined for long trips. Some of the places worth visiting are Kanchipuram, Vedanthangal, Covelong, Crocodile Bank and Muttukadu.

Given the development of tourism in Mahabalipuram, a wide range of decent places to stay have come to the city. Temple Bay Beach Resort, Quality Inn MGM Beach Resort, Ideal Beach Resort, Shelter Beach Resort Sterling Resorts Mahabalipuram and in just a few. Mahabalipuram is a good road network and may reach the farthest corners of the state. The nearest airport is located in Chennai and can be accessed not only large Indian cities, but also abroad. Chengalpattu is the nearest station to receive the trains from Chennai and other cities in southern India. Destinations near Kanchipuram, Pondicherry and Chennai to Mahabalipuram is well connected by roads well maintained.

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Ajanta Ellora

Carved in the period between the 2nd century BC and 8th century AD, Ajanta and Ellora caves are among the most attractive tourist destinations in India. Tour to India was, in fact, incomplete without a visit to this beautiful tourist spot in the city of Ahmedabad, Gujarat.
Discovered by John Smith, a British soldier with his group on their expedition in 1819, the caves of Ajanta and Ellora place in Sahyadri hills, carved into the mountain, the river Waghora. They illustrate the history of Buddhism spans a period from 200 BC to 650 AD. There are 29 caves, which were built for Buddhist monks to remove isolated, who preached and performed religious rites in Chaityas Viharas and old centers of learning Buddhist cultural movement. Santos beautiful carved figures decorate the walls of these structures, with hammer and chisel. Many caves exhibition panels Showing Jataka Tales - Tales of multiple incarnations of Buddha. It can be seen images of nymphs and princesses, among others.

30 km from Aurangabad Ellora caves are located at number 34. They are carved on the sides of a basaltic hill. Facades and interiors are beautifully designed some of the finest examples of cave - temple architecture. Carved in 350 AD to 700 AD, these structures describe the three religions of Hinduism, Buddhism and Jainism. The center is dedicated to Hinduism, 17, 12 caves in the south are Buddhist caves and 5 in the north are Jain.

Kailasam Temple in Cave 16 is one of the greatest architectural wonders carved composition of a monolithic whole. This mountain, considered the holy city of Shiva, is probably the largest monolith in the world. Pavilion, Gateway, town hall, sanctuary and tower, all taken from a block. Unlike most other temple buildings start from the picture here is based on the top and sides. Although the size, he exposes his most delicate and complex. Dumars Lena cave is built on matching the famous cave - temple at Elephanta, and is dedicated to the god Shiva.

Jain caves are located about a mile away from the Kailasa Temple, including Cave 32 has a beautiful altar decorated with a refined form of a lotus flower carved on the ceiling, and a lion in a Yakchha in a mango tree. Caves 32 and 34 home majestic statue of Parasnath. Jain caves are illustrations of Tirthankaras, and one even has a seated figure of Mahavira.

Ajanta and Ellora elegantly express aspects of the nobility, grace and tranquility reminiscent of the Buddha and his teachings.

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Mussoorie

Mussoorie is known as the queen of hills separated, because the beauty of the world. One of the main tourist destinations in Uttrakhand, Mussoorie, not only boasts a magnificent view of the Himalayas and Doon Valley, but also shows some of the rarest flora and fauna of the country. Standing among the beautiful foot hills of the Himalayas, Garhwal Himalayas border adorns this hill. The river Ganges, on the one hand and the river Yamuna, on the other hand, Mussoorie is located 12 kilometers long.

Mussoorie is an essential part of tourism Uttrakhand. Besides his own charismatic beauty, Mussoorie boasts a magnificent view of snow-capped range of the Himalayas and breathtaking views of the Doon Valley and Haridwar. Irregular shape of the hills wore a white robe and green flora, fog takes you to a magical world. Tips Chakhamba, Shrikanth, Banderpoonch Gangotri and nice here and if some of the main attractions of Mussoorie.

Some other sites of interest Camel Back Road Mussoorie, Gunhill, City Mall, Temple Bhadraj, Children Lodge and Garden City. The site is home to many waterfalls, the falls Kempty, Bhatt falls, and falls Mossey Jharipani.

Travel to Mussoorie is very useful, as is well placed and well connected. Airport is Jolly Grant in Dehradun. The nearest station is at Dehradun. There are several trains to and fro Haridwar and Rishikesh, too. Mussoorie is well connected by roads in all cities and towns in Uttaranchal, Delhi, Punjab and Uttar Pradesh.

Being a tourist site, Mussoorie offers accommodation options from world class for tourists. There are a number of hotels in Mussoorie. You have the following choices for 5 star, 3 star, cheap hotels and inns to make and choose. In general, all tour packages include accommodation Mussoorie.

Mussoorie has many stories to tell. Every street, every building has a corridor and have their stories. Lal Tibba, Mussoorie and landour's Bazaar Gunhill, each one has its own history. Unlike Shimla, Mussoorie was never considered the summer capital. She has always been an informal tradition of romance in the air.

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Shimla

Shimla is a fascinating hill station and also the state capital of Himachal Pradesh. It is also affectionately called Queen of Hill stations, for its natural beauty unmatched. The town of Shimla world is filled with forests of pine, oak and rhododendron and experience pleasant summers and cold winters and snow. It is also much appreciated by its style buildings suggestive tudorbethan and neo-Gothic architecture of the colonial era. He was the most sought after escape summer and former summer capital of British Raj in India.

Is very high under the Shimla tourist destinations of North India and is visited by hordes of tourists throughout the year. There are many tourist attractions in Shimla you can find during the journey and some of them to mention your Himachal State Museum & Library, Vice Royal Lodge & Botanical Gardens, Indian Institute of Advanced Studies, Ridge Mall, Summer Hill, Glenn and Taradevi Temple. Tourism in Shimla also involves various adventure activities such as skating, hiking, fishing, skating and camping.

Old charm can apparently felt the old colonial buildings and many beautiful structures. Shimla was equipped with all the natural rewards and has a beautiful location, surrounded by green hills and peaks of snow-capped mountains. If you are looking for a break with the usual rights, then surely you can visit this place because it is ideal for those who want a little peace and privacy amidst a picturesque locality.

Shimla is excellent accommodation for visitors to drop in here for a holiday. There are great hotels for a stay of the guests warrant large and can be classified into different categories such as heritage hotels, four star hotels of three stars. You can also choose from a number of other hotels in Shimla, and make the ideal opportunity to enjoy their stay.

Choose from any category of hotel, and expect the best in service and hospitality.

Shimla is well connected by air, rail and road and you can download it here from all major destinations in India. Shimla has its own airport, but for long distances, Delhi and Chandigarh would be good choices. Shimla is connected to Kalka which is connected to all major destinations in India. The road is praised, can now be achieved through the national network of motor roads Able major destinations of northern India, as Chandigarh, Mandi and Delhi.

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Kullu

Kullu district in the state capital of Himachal Pradesh, the hill station of Kullu is situated on the banks of river Beas in Kullu Valley about 10 km north of the airport Bhuntar. Lying in the middle of the fascinating valley of Himalayas in Kullu has its strong background. Other temples and the annual Dussehra festival attracts many tourists, both as supporters and guests clean.

Kullu Valley Kullu travel packages, visit Kullu, Kullu Travel Guide, vacation packages, Kullu, Kullu travel plans, places to stay in Kullu, Kullu Hotels Kullu Tours, Kullu Kullu Tourism offers great potential for tourism, if many tourist attractions in Kullu and around the city too. Beautiful landscape of the site will prove to be the main attraction on a visit to Kullu. Located at the foot of the lower Himalayas, the city has a fantastic view of the valley, the Years, Mani Karan, Korpan, Lug, Banjar, far, several apple orchards, and samples of all Himalayan impressive plan to create an atmosphere charming to tourists.

Kullu is famous for its temples and festivals. The main tourist attraction of Kullu is the Raghunath Temple, dedicated to Lord Ram, which is one of the most important Hindu gods in general and patron deity of Kullu valley. It was built by Raja Jagat Singh, former ruler of Kullu, in 1660, to amend for their sins. He was an idol of Lord Ram from Ayodhya and established that inside the temple. Jagannath Devi Temple or the temple Bekhli is at a distance of 3 km from Kullu and is situated in the village Bekhli. There is a steep 1 ½ hours at the temple, but offers a spectacular view of Kullu worth the climb.

Some festivals are widely celebrated in Kullu Malan, Phalguni, Shahriar and Birshu Jatra. Kullu Valley, also known as the Valley "of the Gods" is famous for the seven days the Dussehra festival, a celebration of the victory of Lord Rama mythological evil king Ravana.

Kullu is also an important city for the Himalayan Adventure Sports. Kullu Valley is known worldwide for Heli. This sport is usually held over the past Bhrigu peaks. Solange Nala is another suitable location for the sport. You can experience the thrill of rafting through the turbulent waters of river Beas.

Other places of tourist interest in the region include the Mani Karan village near Manali and Vashisht (Hot Springs), 40 km north of Kullu. Malan, Kaisha-Dhaar in Lug Valley, Bijl Mahadev, Bhekhli and Bajaur is dotted with famous temples in the region. To the north lies the town prominent Manali, Lahaul and Spiti valley leading to Rohtang Pass.

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Kashimr

Kashmir, paradise on Earth is an excellent place for tourists in India. This state is located in the Indian subcontinent north-east and west is surrounded by the Great Himalayas and the Pir Pangal Ridge. Snowy mountains, gardens and romantic barge certainly give you a wonderful holiday experience.

Shalimar Gardens of Kashmir lakes, mosques, temples and gardens add beauty to the city. Kashmiri cuisine is one of the main attractions. If you want to enjoy the true beauty of the natural place to put in one of Houseboats in Kashmir. Touristplacesinindia.com We provide comprehensive information on everything you want to know about Kashmir and about tourism in Kashmir.

Some of the attractions of a city that attracts tourists from around the world each year are:

Gulmarg: You're in the Baramulla district of Jammu and Kashmir, and also known as "mole" of Kashmir. This is a hill station near Srinagar. Some of the attractions in Gulmarg include Khilanmarg - offering an unprecedented view of the Himalayas, larger Alpather Lake - a scenic mountain lake that remains frozen until mid-June and the temple of Baba Resh.
Pahalgam: Once upon a time Shepard Village, located at the confluence of rivers caused the lake and Seshanaga Lidder river. One can hire ponies to ride the tourist office here. You can also enjoy fishing in the river Lidder

Sonamarg: it is situated at a distance of 84 kilometers from Srinagar and destination of several picturesque lakes, as Kishansar, Gads, and Gangabal satsar through it. Here you can drive, passing through the valley of Sindh. Sindh River that runs through the valley full of trout and Mahase.

Amarnathji Yatra: This tour of Hindu pilgrimage in July and August each year. There is a stalagmite in the form of Shiva lingam is formed naturally of ice. On both sides of the Linga, there are two other ice lingams - one of Parvati and Ganesha other.

Kashmir is easy access by road, rail and airways. Blockhead nearest to Srinagar. There are daily flights from Delhi, Mumbai to Srinagar and Jammu. The station is Srinagar Jammy Tawi. This station is connected to all major cities in India like Delhi, Calcutta, Mumbai, Mumbai, Kanyakumari, Ahmedabad, and rail services daily.

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Srinagar

Summer capital of Jammu and Kashmir, in Srinagar is the mother of all hill stations in India. On the banks of the river Jhelum, which is a tributary of the Indus River in the city of Srinagar in 876 km north of Delhi, almost a paradise on earth, with its numerous lakes and valleys throughout the country for distribution. This incomparable beauty and historical associations make it one of the most exciting tourism in Jammu and Kashmir.

Dal Lago, takes its name from two words in Sanskrit, Sri (ie, abundance and wealth) and Nagar (ie, city), Srinagar was founded by King II Pravarasena more than 2000 years ago, he learned. Visiting Srinagar, one of the most beautiful places in India, will help detect various aspects of the history of the country. Back, at least until the 3 rd century BC town was originally part of Maurya, who was one of the most powerful empires in India.

Tourist attractions in Srinagar are diverse and numerous. The beauty of nature is the main attraction of the city is full enchanting landscapes. Gliding down Houseboats Dal Lake or visit the Mughal Gardens or Shalimar Gardens is the experience of life. There are also many beautiful places in the vicinity of Srinagar to the public. Most of these sites are located in the beautiful backdrop of majestic Himalayas. Furthermore, offering natural beauty, are among the most beautiful places to travel, love of adventure.

As one of the most important tourist attractions in India, visited Srinagar characterized by a large number of tourists every year. Thus, the city offers a wide range of accommodation options. Most of them are far from the main storage and transportation packages Hotel offers a high level. Well-equipped and well-equipped with modern perfect for a pleasant stay in Srinagar. You will have the luxury of selecting the type of accommodation to suit your preferences.

Easily accessible by road, air and rail from most major cities in India in the city of Srinagar is a popular tourist destination, it's more nature lovers and a visit to this city of charm to hypnotize you at unbeatable grip on.

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Ooty

Ooty is known popularly as the queen of hill stations. It is formally known as Udhagamandalam is one of the most famous tourist destinations of Tamil Nadu. With her beauty and ideal climate of Ooty is a brilliant summer holiday. Nestled in the lap of the Nilgiris, the hill station, offering magnificent views of the mountains. The Nilgiri range is a beautiful mountain range is part of the Western Ghats. He is older than the Himalayas.
Ooty tourism is an important component of tourism in the Nilgiris region. Ooty known for their tea. Welcomed the high mountains, dense forests, meadows and vast tea plantations miles tourists around Ooty. Tea and tourism festival is one of the major tourist attractions in Ooty.

Garden Ooty Ooty Botonical has its origins back to 1817 during the British rule. This region is the mountains and the sky was full of scrapping, as you actually get to stay above the clouds remain on the side of the mountain to rock. Traveling through the street corner bend is a very different experience. Lakes, mountains, castles, mountains, waterfalls, gardens, and so on, and here. Localization is an ideal tourist location, where you can relax to the sounds of fishing, hiking, excursions, golf and tennis.

Some major attractions in Ooty, the Cairn Hills, dodda Betta peak, the Tiger Hills, the Palace More Arron, Awnandale Palace, the Botanical Garden, wire, lake boathouse, the view Ketti Valley, Rose Garden, Kandal Cross Shrine of Waterfalls Kalhatty, museum Wildlife Sanctuary Mudumalai and Ooty.

Ooty is easily accessible by rail. Trains connect Coimbatore with almost all the major cities in India. From Coimbatore to Nilgiri train popularly known as toy trains to Ooty. The station height is around 535 km from Chennai. Ooty has good road systems that connect to the rest of the country. There are regular bus services from Bangalore, Tirupati, Mysore, Coimbatore and many other places nearby. The airport is at Coimbatore.

As a major tourist site Ooty offers world-class accommodation facilities. Hotels in the mountains is in luxury hotels, cheap hotels, resorts, inns, country cottages and are categorized. All of Ooty, grand tour packages include accommodations.

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Kodaikanal

Nestled in the midst of Palani Hills in the Western Ghats in the State of Tamil Nadu, 120 km from Madurai, South India, Kodaikanal is a tourist rare in Indian subcontinent. Literally, "gift of the forest 'in Tamil, it's weird, unspoilt little hill station, where the air is romantic and dreamy landscape dominated by a very charming and quiet, as if it were eternal. Kodaikanal History says it was founded around the year 1845 of U.S. missionaries, to obtain premises to keep the brightness high temperatures and tropical diseases in lowland areas of the bay.

Pali Hills location in Kodaikanal Kodaikanal at an altitude of 2133m, is a Travel paradise with all its charm and charisma. The best way to use their free here is a walk around to enjoy the scenery. Alternatively, you can choose to go to services such as canoeing, cycling, pony rides, fishing and golf. There are clubs to occupy their free time at night and you can browse and buy books about the market. The region around Kodaikanal is full of magnificent natural beauty and visit the city should be made to absorb the essence. Key sites to visit in Kodaikanal are Kodaikanal Lake, the King Lutheran Church and the church, Kodaikanal school, the colonial structure, with Bryant Park, Kodai Club, Green Valley View, Coaker walk, National Park Palani Hills, Kodaikanal Solar Observatory and Golf Links. Green Valley View (previous name was changed to better for tourists), Pillar Rocks, Silver Falls, kodai television tower and the Guna caves are other interesting places in Kodaikanal.

Kurina Andavar temple is renowned for its Kurina flower, which blooms once every 12 years. Blum Berikke, kodai milagaay, edible red carrots are widely grown here naturally. Cauliflower, cabbage, peppers and onions are grown on the outskirts of Kodaikanal.

There is a large market in Kodaikanal, where you can buy clothes of wool, vegetables, flowers, meat, fruits, handicrafts, hot snacks, toys, oils and herbs. Kodai multi-ethnic character is evident in markets where it is common to encounter hikers Scandinavian, retired French tourists and people from other parts of India enjoying fresh pastries served by Tibetan refugees.

You can use the drive available on the contract of their itineraries and tours to Kodaikanal, which helps you find the beauty of Kodaikanal.

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Munnar

Located in the "Land of God", Munnar is a picturesque paradise vacation in paradise and would be a welcome break from the daily grind of city life. Munnar hill station of Kerala is one of the most popular among tourists who want to enjoy the sublime elegance of nature. This is an important city of the heritage of tea gardens and tea appear wavy seduce the senses. Munnar is at an altitude of about 1, 700 meters above sea level and is blessed by the mountainous terrain of south Western Ghats.

Anayirankallt was once the most favored reform in Colombia and is strategically located at the confluence of three rivers Muthirappuzha, Chandavurai and Kundaly. A trip to Munnar will be happy because it offers many attractions outside its natural beauty. The most popular tourist attractions in Munnar is Mattupetty dam is one of the most beautiful in the whole region. See the real beauty of Munnar in Pothamedu which is a platform for large plantations in the city. For the adventurous, Attukal would be an ideal place because it has hiking trails. Some other points and scenic attractions of Munnar is Pallivasal, Nyayamakad, Rajamala, Chithirapuram and Echo Point.

The mountain town of Munnar Kerala has had a tremendous importance as a tourist destination and therefore there are many homes that can be found here. You'll find all types of hotels ranging from five star hotel here in three categories of stars. Club Mahindra Lake View Resort is a five star hotel in Munnar. The four-star hotels include TU & Leisure Hotel, Tea County Hill Station Resort and Hotel Windermere Estate. The three stars residence includes Issacs, Munnar Woods Resort, Sterling Resort, The Siena Village The Tall Trees Hotel.

Munnar is easily accessible by air, rail and road. The airport is in Kochi and another is in Madurai, which is 142 km from Munnar. The nearest are at Kochi and Kottayam and regular train services are available to the Munnar. Road transport is also good and you can easily travel to nearby cities and India Munnar apart. Local transportation such as buses and private taxis are available for transportation in and around the city. Add more fun to your trip to Munnar indicating exciting excursions to nearby destinations like Anayirankal, Top Station, Marayoor, Cheeyappara and Meenuli Nadukani. The flora and fauna of Munnar is very impressive and varied, complete and beauty of this city significantly.

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Darjeeling


Darjeeling is also known as "Queen of hills'. This famous hill station in the state of West Bengal in India is one of the highlights of tourism in India and West Bengal tourism have a major advantage of the large number of Indian and international tourists visiting Darjeeling every year. The city is also capital of the district of Darjeeling, which is the northernmost district of West Bengal bordering Nepal. The city offers a fantastic holiday in summer and winter. Views Himalayas, especially the magnificent view of Kanchenjunga is one of the biggest attractions in Darjeeling. The Darjeeling Himalayan Railway, popularly known as the train has become the symbol of Darjeeling

Major tourist attractions in Darjeeling

Every corner of Darjeeling attracts tourists. The shopping center, sloping streets, the beautiful colonial buildings, pine trees, temples, monasteries and even train whistle toy combine to give Darjeeling one of the best hill stations in India.

Darjeeling Mall

The Mall is one of the most popular places in Darjeeling. It is the center of tourism in the city and most hotels are clustered around the mall. The Mall is also the location of taxi stand from where tourists can hire taxis to places in and around Darjeeling. Many shops, including old bookshops and souvenir shops are a big draw in the mall. The first site to receive tourists in shopping center, local offering pony and photographers clicking pictures of people riding the pony. People are tired of walking can take a break and sit on benches placed many in the commercial and sip tea sold by the excellent local tea farmers. There are many restaurants, cafes and ice cream shops throughout the mall. Early in the morning and the evening is the best time for a walk in the mall.

Ghoom Monastery

Ghoom is the ultimate destination of the famous Darjeeling toy train. Located six kilomerters from Darjeeling, Ghoom is home to the famous Ghoom monastery at an altitude of 2407 meters. The main attraction of the monastery has a statue of Maitreya Buddha, 4.5 meters.
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Himalayan Mountaineering Institute
This institute is an interesting tourist information, providing information on mountaineering and the history of mountaineering in the region. Climbing gear is on display here, along with rare photographs of Mount Everest and other major expeditions to the mountains. The Foundation was established in1954 after a successful conquest of Mount Everest, and offers courses in mountaineering and climbing.

Bhutia Bustier

This beautiful monastery situated on the road CR Das was transferred in 1879 from its original location on the hill observatory. The monastery has a library containing many interesting ancient Buddhist texts and scrolls.

Observatory Hill

This place is a popular place where visitors can get a magnificent view over the whole region and Mount Kanchenjunga, in a clear sunny day.

There are many other tourist attractions in Darjeeling. Among these is the famous tiger hill temple Dhirdham, Lebong the racetrack, and the museum of decorative art. Kalim Pong, Takdah, Mirik, Lava, and Lolegaon Sandakphu are some of the major tourist attractions, points near Darjeeling. A trip in Darjeeling offers fantastic opportunities for shopping and many adventure activities.

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Dehradun

This town is located in the Doon Valley is the capital of Uttarakhand state in northern India, formerly known as Uttaranchal. Dehradun is one of the most popular tourist destinations in Uttaranchal famous and attracts many tourists every year.

Location

Dehradun is flanked by the Himalayas in the north, the Shivalik range in the south, the river Yamuna in the west and the Ganges in the east. The city is located in the northwestern part of the state and neighboring districts of Uttarkashi, Pauri Garhwal, equipment, Nahan (Himachal Pradesh) and Saharanpur (Uttar Pradesh).

History

Dehra is a variant of the word dera, which means a camp or a temporary residence. A group of Sikhs led by Ram Rai must be ordered from the Mughal emperor Aurangzeb for retirement in the woods had turned temporary tents in this area. Dun is the name of the valley and the word means a low land at the foot of a mountain.

The area is part of the Himalayan region of Garhwal formerly known as Kedar Khand. This area has been there many issues, including lines Katyuris, Gurkhas, Sikhs, Moguls and the United Kingdom. The British took control of the area following Sugauli Treaty signed after the Gurkha War in 1816.

Tourist Attractions in Dehradun

Dehradun is a popular tourist area and a trip to Dehradun include visits to many attractions and many tourist attractions near Dehradun. The tourist attractions in Dehradun has many universities and research institutes in addition to numerous sites of religious significance and natural beauty. The main tourist attractions are in Dehradun --

Tapovan: - It is considered the site of the Ashram Guru Dronacharya, a character from the great Indian epic the Mahabharata.

Robber's Cave: - There is a point of view famous and picturesque place located outside the city.

Tapkeshwar Temple - an ancient temple dedicated to Shiva, is believed to be related to the Mahabharata.

Dakpatthar: - It is a popular destination that offers spectacular views of the Doon Valley.

Central Braille Press: - It is the largest producer of Braille books in India.

Maldevta, Sahasradhara, Lacchiwala, Santhla Devi Laxman temple Sidhe Malsi zoo and some other tourist spots in and around Dehradun. Mussorie mountain resort is 36 kilometers from the city. The famous Sikh pilgrimage center point Sahib on the banks of the river Yamuna. Materials and Rishikesh are the two other major tourist destinations in Uttarakhand Enar Dehradun.

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Saturday, March 20, 2010

What is Fossil Fuels Pollution?

Fossil fuels pollution is environmental pollution linked with the production and use of fossil fuels. Around the world, many nations rely heavily on fossil fuels for their energy needs, burning fossil fuels to generate electricity to heat homes, using fossil fuel powered cars, and utilizing fossil fuels for home heating needs. Concerns about the pollution generated through the use of fossil fuels has led a number of nations to pass strict environmental laws which are designed to reduce pollution and to reduce reliance on fossil fuels.

Fossil fuels are fuels derived from deposits of oil which formed over the course of millions of years. While the oil is not literally fossilized, it is derived from the remains of plants and animals which appear in the fossil record, illustrating how old the oil is. The length of time required for oil to form has led people designate it a nonrenewable resource, meaning that once it is gone, there will not be any more. The oil is extracted through pumping, refined to break it into usable components, and shipped all over the world to supply energy needs and the need for raw materials for plastics manufacturing.

Fossil fuels pollution occurs at several stages of this process. The process of extracting oil is often polluting, because crude oil can spill during pumping operations and because offgassing from oil fields is often burned or “flared,” generating polluting byproducts of combustion. The refining process also generates pollution, as does the transport of fossil fuels to their end destinations, and the combustion of fossil fuels for energy.

Combustion generates a number of gases which have been linked with the formation of smog and acid rain. Fossil fuels pollution appears to be a major contributing factor to the global warming trend first observed by scientists in the 20th century, and fossil fuels pollution has also been linked with air quality problems at ground level, making it difficult for people to breathe in crowded urban environments and contributing to human health problems around the world.

There is no way to utilize fossil fuels cleanly, although the process can be cleaned up. More effective filtering and trapping systems can be used to capture byproducts of combustion and refining before they have a chance to reach the environment, reducing fossil fuels pollution, and systems which burn fossil fuels can be designed for optimal efficiency so that they use less fuel. Many nations have created efficiency and pollution standards to push their citizens into using fossil fuels more responsibly.

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Air Pollution and Its Effects

Humans probably first experienced harm from air pollution when they built fires in poorly ventilated caves. Since then we have gone on to pollute more of the earth's surface. Until recently, environmental pollution problems have been local and minor because of the Earth's own ability to absorb and purify minor quantities of pollutants. The industrialization of society, the introduction of motorized vehicles, and the explosion of the population, are factors contributing toward the growing air pollution problem. At this time it is urgent that we find methods to clean up the air.

The primary air pollutants found in most urban areas are carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, sulfur oxides, hydrocarbons, and particulate matter (both solid and liquid). These pollutants are dispersed throughout the world's atmosphere in concentrations high enough to gradually cause serious health problems. Serious health problems can occur quickly when air pollutants are concentrated, such as when massive injections of sulfur dioxide and suspended particulate matter are emitted by a large volcanic eruption.

Air Pollution in the Home

You cannot escape air pollution, not even in your own home. "In 1985 the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) reported that toxic chemicals found in the air of almost every American home are three times more likely to cause some type of cancer than outdoor air pollutants". (Miller 488) The health problems in these buildings are called "sick building syndrome". "An estimated one-fifth to one-third of all U.S. buildings are now considered "sick". (Miller 489) The EPA has found that the air in some office buildings is 100 times more polluted than the air outside. Poor ventilation causes about half of the indoor air pollution problems. The rest come from specific sources such as copying machines, electrical and telephone cables, mold and microbe-harboring air conditioning systems and ducts, cleaning fluids, cigarette smoke, carpet, latex caulk and paint, vinyl molding, linoleum tile, and building materials and furniture that emit air pollutants such as formaldehyde. A major indoor air pollutant is radon-222, a colorless, odorless, tasteless, naturally occurring radioactive gas produced by the radioactive decay of uranium-238. "According to studies by the EPA and the National Research Council, exposure to radon is second only to smoking as a cause of lung cancer". (Miller 489) Radon enters through pores and cracks in concrete when indoor air pressure is less than the pressure of gasses in the soil. Indoor air will be healthier than outdoor air if you use an energy recovery ventilator to provide a consistent supply of fresh filtered air and then seal air leaks in the shell of your home.

Sources of Pollutants

The two main sources of pollutants in urban areas are transportation (predominantly automobiles) and fuel combustion in stationary sources, including residential, commercial, and industrial heating and cooling and coal-burning power plants. Motor vehicles produce high levels of carbon monoxides (CO) and a major source of hydrocarbons (HC) and nitrogen oxides (NOx). Whereas, fuel combustion in stationary sources is the dominant source of sulfur dioxide (SO2).

Carbon Dioxide

Carbon dioxide (CO2) is one of the major pollutants in the atmosphere. Major sources of CO2 are fossil fuels burning and deforestation. "The concentrations of CO2 in the air around 1860 before the effects of industrialization were felt, is assumed to have been about 290 parts per million (ppm). In the hundred years and more since then, the concentration has increased by about 30 to 35 ppm that is by 10 percent". (Breuer 67) Industrial countries account for 65% of CO2 emissions with the United States and Soviet Union responsible for 50%. Less developed countries (LDCs), with 80% of the world's people, are responsible for 35% of CO2 emissions but may contribute 50% by 2020. "Carbon dioxide emissions are increasing by 4% a year".

In 1975, 18 thousand million tons of carbon dioxide (equivalent to 5 thousand million tons of carbon) were released into the atmosphere, but the atmosphere showed an increase of only 8 billion tons (equivalent to 2.2 billion tons of carbon". (Breuer 70) The ocean waters contain about sixty times more CO2 than the atmosphere. If the equilibrium is disturbed by externally increasing the concentration of CO2 in the air, then the oceans would absorb more and more CO2. If the oceans can no longer keep pace, then more CO2 will remain into the atmosphere. As water warms, its ability to absorb CO2 is reduced.

CO2 is a good transmitter of sunlight, but partially restricts infrared radiation going back from the earth into space. This produces the so-called greenhouse effect that prevents a drastic cooling of the Earth during the night. Increasing the amount of CO2 in the atmosphere reinforces this effect and is expected to result in a warming of the Earth's surface. Currently carbon dioxide is responsible for 57% of the global warming trend. Nitrogen oxides contribute most of the atmospheric contaminants.

N0X - nitric oxide (N0) and nitrogen dioxide (N02)

Natural component of the Earth's atmosphere.

Important in the formation of both acid precipitation and photochemical smog (ozone), and causes nitrogen loading.

Comes from the burning of biomass and fossil fuels.

30 to 50 million tons per year from human activities, and natural 10 to 20 million tons per year.

Average residence time in the atmosphere is days.

Has a role in reducing stratospheric ozone.

N20 - nitrous oxide

Natural component of the Earth's atmosphere.

Important in the greenhouse effect and causes nitrogen loading.

Human inputs 6 million tons per year, and 19 million tons per year by nature.

Residence time in the atmosphere about 170 years.

1700 (285 parts per billion), 1990 (310 parts per billion), 2030 (340 parts per billion).

Comes from nitrogen based fertilizers, deforestation, and biomass burning.

Sulfur and chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs)

Sulfur dioxide is produced by combustion of sulfur-containing fuels, such as coal and fuel oils. Also, in the process of producing sulfuric acid and in metallurgical process involving ores that contain sulfur. Sulfur oxides can injure man, plants and materials. At sufficiently high concentrations, sulfur dioxide irritates the upper respiratory tract of human beings because potential effect of sulfur dioxide is to make breathing more difficult by causing the finer air tubes of the lung to constrict. "Power plants and factories emit 90% to 95% of the sulfur dioxide and 57% of the nitrogen oxides in the United States. Almost 60% of the SO2 emissions are released by tall smoke stakes, enabling the emissions to travel long distances". (Miller 494) As emissions of sulfur dioxide and nitric oxide from stationary sources are transported long distances by winds, they form secondary pollutants such as nitrogen dioxide, nitric acid vapor, and droplets containing solutions of sulfuric acid, sulfate, and nitrate salts. These chemicals descend to the earth's surface in wet form as rain or snow and in dry form as a gases fog, dew, or solid particles. This is known as acid deposition or acid rain.

Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs)

CFCs are lowering the average concentration of ozone in the stratosphere. "Since 1978 the use of CFCs in aerosol cans has been banned in the United States, Canada, and most Scandinavian countries. Aerosols are still the largest use, accounting for 25% of global CFC use". (Miller 448) Spray cans, discarded or leaking refrigeration and air conditioning equipment, and the burning plastic foam products release the CFCs into the atmosphere. Depending on the type, CFCs stay in the atmosphere from 22 to 111 years. Chlorofluorocarbons move up to the stratosphere gradually over several decades. Under high energy ultra violet (UV) radiation, they break down and release chlorine atoms, which speed up the breakdown of ozone (O3) into oxygen gas (O2).

Chlorofluorocarbons, also known as Freons, are greenhouse gases that contribute to global warming. Photochemical air pollution is commonly referred to as "smog". Smog, a contraction of the words smoke and fog, has been caused throughout recorded history by water condensing on smoke particles, usually from burning coal. With the introduction of petroleum to replace coal economies in countries, photochemical smog has become predominant in many cities, which are located in sunny, warm, and dry climates with many motor vehicles. The worst episodes of photochemical smog tend to occur in summer.

Smog

Photochemical smog is also appearing in regions of the tropics and subtropics where savanna grasses are periodically burned. Smog's unpleasant properties result from the irradiation by sunlight of hydrocarbons caused primarily by unburned gasoline emitted by automobiles and other combustion sources. The products of photochemical reactions includes organic particles, ozone, aldehydes, ketones, peroxyacetyl nitrate, organic acids, and other oxidants. Ozone is a gas created by nitrogen dioxide or nitric oxide when exposed to sunlight. Ozone causes eye irritation, impaired lung function, and damage to trees and crops. Another form of smog is called industrial smog.

This smog is created by burning coal and heavy oil that contain sulfur impurities in power plants, industrial plants, etc... The smog consists mostly of a mixture of sulfur dioxide and fog. Suspended droplets of sulfuric acid are formed from some of the sulfur dioxide, and a variety of suspended solid particles. This smog is common during the winter in cities such as London, Chicago, Pittsburgh. When these cities burned large amounts of coal and heavy oil without control of the output, large-scale problems were witnessed. In 1952 London, England, 4,000 people died as a result of this form of fog. Today coal and heavy oil are burned only in large boilers and with reasonably good control or tall smokestacks so that industrial smog is less of a problem. However, some countries such as China, Poland, Czechoslovakia, and some other eastern European countries, still burn large quantities of coal without using adequate controls.

Pollution Damage to Plants

With the destruction and burning of the rain forests more and more CO2 is being released into the atmosphere. Trees play an important role in producing oxygen from carbon dioxide. "A 115 year old Beech tree exposes about 200,000 leaves with a total surface to 1200 square meters. During the course of one sunny day such a tree inhales 9,400 liters of carbon dioxide to produce 12 kilograms of carbohydrate, thus liberating 9,400 liters of oxygen. Through this mechanism about 45,000 liters of air are regenerated which is sufficient for the respiration of 2 to 3 people". (Breuer 1) This process is called photosynthesis which all plants go though but some yield more and some less oxygen. As long as no more wood is burnt than is reproduced by the forests, no change in atmospheric CO2 concentration will result.

Pollutants such as sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, ozone and peroxyacl nitrates (PANs), cause direct damage to leaves of crop plants and trees when they enter leaf pores (stomates). Chronic exposure of leaves and needles to air pollutants can also break down the waxy coating that helps prevent excessive water loss and damage from diseases, pests, drought and frost. "In the midwestern United States crop losses of wheat, corn, soybeans, and peanuts from damage by ozone and acid deposition amount to about $5 billion a year".

Reducing Pollution

You can help to reduce global air pollution and climate change by driving a car that gets at least 35 miles a gallon, walking, bicycling, and using mass transit when possible. Replace incandescent light bulbs with compact fluorescent bulbs, make your home more energy efficient, and buy only energy efficient appliances. Recycle newspapers, aluminum, and other materials. Plant trees and avoid purchasing products such as Styrofoam that contain CFCs. Support much stricter clean air laws and enforcement of international treaties to reduce ozone depletion and slow global warming.

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